Ferrous fumarate molecular formula C4H2FeO4, molecular weight is 169.90. Ferrous fumarate belongs to organic acid iron, orange red or reddish brown powder, good fluidity, slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol.
1 ferrous fumarate metabolic processes in animal body
Ferrous fumarate in the animal body is in the form of ferrous ion absorption in the duodenum and upper jejunum. Iron absorption, most in the bone marrow involved in hemoglobin synthesis, the remaining part to ferritin and containing hemosiderin stored in the reticuloendothelial cells of the bone marrow, liver and spleen, otherwise a part exist in the intestinal mucosal cells. Iron excretion is mainly in the intestinal and skin, urine and sweat glands have a small amount of discharge. Most of the iron is released when the hemoglobin molecule is destroyed.
2 Application of ferrous fumarate in breeding pigs
The application of ferrous fumarate in pig on the show that ferrous fumarate has the advantages of low cost and good effect etc.. In prenatal sows 2 weeks and 3 weeks postpartum diets containing ferrous fumarate diet, piglets through breast milk obtained iron source, and after the birth of the piglets 3D muscle injection iron supplementation can reach the same weight and preventing of Piglet Anemia effect increases. Studies have shown that the addition of FeSO4 in diets based on, piglets adding 300mg / kg ~ 600mg / kg of ferrous fumarate, growing pigs adding 250mg / kg of ferrous fumarate can improve growth performance, improve color of skin and hair condition, its effect is better than that of simply adding FeSO4 or methionine iron. But adding ferrous fumarate can significantly improve the skin color and hair condition of piglets, the effect was enhanced with increased dosage. This may be because, after the addition of ferrous fumarate and the improvement of liver iron content and serum iron protein concentration, serum total iron binding together to reduce, pigs longissimus muscle myoglobin content also increased and add ferrous fumarate could increase the content of zinc in the liver and spleen, these are to improve the skin color and hair condition.
The 3 advantage of ferrous fumarate as feed additives
Common feed additive ferrous sulfate to tidal agglomeration solution, the processing must be dry; and ferrous sulfate is not stable, in the processing and storage process easy oxidized to ferric iron can not easily be absorbed by the animal; also because of its hygroscopicity and reducing, to feed of some vitamins and other ingredients is easy to produce damaging effects, this require excessive added vitamins and other nutrients, thereby increasing the feed factories and farms, the user cost.
Newborn piglets iron supplementation with oral ferrous sulfate or ferrous chloride, but the effect is not ideal, and the injection of iron supplementation (such as drilling needle iron, iron dextran etc.), although the injection of iron supplementation can effectively prevent suckling piglets iron deficiency anemia, but the use of this method is time-consuming and laborious, and the existence operation is not easy to cause stress and other shortcomings. Use in sow prenatal and postnatal 2-3 weeks inside the feed add ferrous fumarate, can achieve to the piglets were injected with iron preparations of the same prevention of Piglet Anemia effect, but it was relatively free of the time-consuming and inconvenient operation defects of injection of iron supplementation, thus reducing the labor intensity of workers, improves the work efficiency.
Because the ferrous sulfate and other inorganic salt in the feed manufacturing, transport processes and animal food in the digestive tract is easily formed by the oxidation of Fe2 + to Fe3 + can not be absorbed by animals, caused by the body burden and a waste of resources, and ferrous fumarate and chelated iron in the ferrous ion is relatively stable, is not easy to be oxidized to the ferric ion and the absorption and utilization rate is high, serum iron rise very fast and very stable, so that pig skin ruddy, smooth and glossy, diarrhea was significantly reduced.
Ferrous sulfate SO42 – is strong acid radical ion, neither nutrients nor metabolites, it will disturb or destroy the body’s acid-base balance, the body grows undesirable, and fumarate ferrous fumarate ion can be part of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, forming ATP for the body metabolism required, or as a carbon frame in the synthesis of amino acids, and further body protein synthesis. Organic iron can effectively and directly deposited in the protein, egg shell can reduce slaughter, improve the color of egg yolk.
Ferrous fumarate can improve breeder reproductive performance and production to reduce the die, boy kill and increasing weaning weight, prevention and treatment of anemia in piglets, improve weaning survival of slaughter. The amount of acid, oxalic acid, phosphate, tannin, cellulose and so on, which are contained in the diets, often hinder the absorption of inorganic trace elements, so as to reduce the biological potency of trace elements. The organic trace elements are relatively avoid the effects of the factors such as the acid, oxalic acid, phosphate, tannin and cellulose in the diet.
Inorganic trace elements of complex relations between, the antagonism between elements will result in a lower rate of use of trace elements; on the other hand will because a trace element content increase other trace elements should be increased correspondingly, which will inevitably cause a waste of resources and environmental pollution. The organic trace element is a green environmental protection product, high biological value, the amount is relatively small, and its absorption and utilization rate is high, so the discharge of trace elements is less, and the environmental pollution is reduced.http://www.ferrousfumarate.net